Liquid-feeding device



Juny 31, 1923. 1,463,683

- L.. DUNAJEFF' LIQUID FEEDING DEVICE; v original Filed .July '1a.' 19121 2l Sheets-Sheet -1 IN VEN T 0R. Leon/'d Dunajef 'Arron/wy JHM-31, 1923. 1,463,683

, l.;y A, DUNAJEFF L'IQUID FEEDING- DEVICE original Filed July 1s, 1921 z sheets-sheet 2` lll Patented July 31, 1923. v

Laatse UNITED stares Pare-Nr ortica'.

LEONID A, DUNAJ'EFF, OF NEW YORK', N. Y.

LIQUID-.FEEDING DEVICE.

Application fried July 18, 1921, Seri-a1 `'water into, a boiler,-the work of moving the water into 'the boiler against the steam pressure .requires a considerable expenditure of energy, also more or less complicated mechanical pumps.

In my apparatus I am using a. different method. Instead lof forcing the water against the steam pressure, I let the water flow into the boiler by gravity from an enclosed tank, the pressure in which is equalized with the boiler pressure. t Consequently each volume of water entering the boiler is replaced with a corresponding volume of the steam, so that the steam consumption can not eXceed the volumetric equivalent of the water fed into the boiler, which is only about one sixth of the -theoreticalsteam consumption of an ordinary boiler feed pump.

The operation of my device consists of two stages First, the connections with the'boiler are closed, and the apparatus is filled with the water. Then the water lconnections are closed, and connections with the boiler areV opened, allowing the water to flow into the boiler by gravity, the water in my apparatus being displaced with the steam from `the boiler.

My invention is more fully described in the accompanying specification and drawings, in which- Y Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of -theslide valve, and Fig. 3 is a view showing arrangement of two `appa-` ratus, one -for draining condensate and Vanother for feeding the boiler,

My Ydevice consists of a tank 1 and a liquid storage tank or well 2 located preferably above the tank 1, so that the liquid may flow by gravity betweenthese tanks. The lowerportion of the tank 1 is connected with the lower portion @t thewell @with No. 485,659.v Renewed June 1,9,` 1923.

take pipe 3. A valve l is placedinsthis i pipe in such manner, that the pressurel of the liquid from the pipe 3 tends to raise this valve, while a pressure from the tank 1 tends to close it. The storage tank 2 is insulated from the tank 1 with ay double bot.-

torn, consi sting of plates 4 and 5 with` a heat insulating material 6 between them. Such insulation is useful when the apparatus is used for feeding water into a boiler 7 or similar receptacle, so thatthe cold water in the tank 2 would not absorb the heat fromv the steam in theupper portion of the tank 1. Aniair ram 8 with a plug 9 is mounted on top of the tank 2 to provide the space for the air, whichpmay escape `frorntthe water. i

The tank 2 is refilled with the water through leading-in pipe lO'with a sprayer tube 11. This pipe may bring thewater from any suitable source, for instance, from the water mains or from condensers.

, The water from Vthe tank 1. flows. into the` boiler 7 through a feed pipe 12 connected to the bottom vof the tank/ 1 with an elbow 7. A valve 14 is placed in this elbow so that the pressure of the flowing water tends to open itwhile the boiler pressure closes it.'

The upper portion of .the tank, iis con- 13, and reaching tothe .bottom of the boiler;

nected with a slide valve 15 through aetup bular passage 16. The valve 15 Vcontrols the connections of the upper portion of the tank with the air spacey k(orvacuum) in the well 2 through a pipe 17 and .with the steam in the boiler through a pipe 18.

The slide valve consists of a piston 19, lin` .l

a cylinder 20. 4 The piston has' acentral circular groove 21 which in theextreme upper position ofthe piston establishes a cornmunication between the pipes 16, and 17, and in the lowest position between the pipes 16and 18.v p The bottom portion 4of the piston is connected loosely with a rod sup-` porting a steam intakevalve 2,3 anda steam exhaust valve 2li.' The steam admittance under the piston 1,9 is further controlledV by the lposition ofthe Water Valve 14,.

yThis `valve has a hollow 4stem 2,5 withv an Opening 26 on the side, The stemslides in a cylinder 27 with a corresponding 'open-` ing 28 in a communication a pipe 29 Connected wthfa Steam 'pipe 18- v When the valve 14 is in its opener raised position, then the holes 28 and l2,6 come in an algmnent, 'Se that `the steam can flow from the pipe 29 into a chest 30, through a pipe 31 and the valve 23. If the valve 23 lsopen,

v then the steam lls the chest 30, pushing the 'The water is first admitted into the'well 2 piston 19 upwards. In order to prevent a very rapid movement of this piston, a dampening attachment is provided. It consists of a diaphragm 32 with a small aperture 33 on the side and a larger aperture 34 in the center for a rod 35 attached to the top of the piston 19. Theupper end of this rod is fastened to a damper piston 36 having a cup shaped depression 37 on top and supporting a compression spring 38. The other end of the spring rests against an adjusting nut 39. The spaces 40 and 41 above and below the diaphragm 32 are filled with the oil, which fills also the cup 37. rIhe reciprocat- 'ing movements of the piston force the oil through the passage 33. The smaller the passage is, the slower will be the movement of the piston. f In order to adjust its speed, thesize of the opening 33`may be regulated bymeans of an adjusting screw or needle valve 42.

The oil in chambers 40 and 41 will serve valso as a lubricant for the moving parts. In

order to keep these compartments full at all times, aprovision is made to refill them constantly from the cup 37. A hole 43 is drilled for this purpose through this piston and is closed from the bottom with a valve 44 with along stem 45, passing with a slight friction through the diaphragm 32. This friction will cause the valve 43 to be closed when the piston moves downwards so as to prevent the escape of the oil from the 'chamber 39 into the cup 37, and will open this valve with the upward movement of the pis ton lso as to suck in the oil from the cup. The supply of oil in the cup may he replenished from time to time through an aperture 45 in the closing nut y38. A screw 53 may be usedto regulate the friction of the rod 45 (Fig. 2). v

The operation of my device is as follows:

through the pipe 10. Then, if the piston 19 is in its highest position7 the steam or air is allowed to escape fromthe upper portion of the tank 1 through pipes 16 and 17 and the water from the well 2 flows into the tank 1,' forcing the valve 4 open, until the tank becomes filled. The piston 19, however,

` when in yits upper position, closes the steam intake valve 23 and opens the exhaust 24, allowing the steam to escape from the cham- :bery 30 through the pipe 17. Accordingly the piston will begin to move downwards, partly by its weight, partly under the action of the spring 39.

The dampening attachment will retard this movement sufliciently until the tank be comes filled with the water.

l The piston 19 in its lowest position forces the rod 22 down, thereby opening the steam be installed at the lowest point.

however, as long as the steam pressure keeps the water valve 14 down, thereby disconnecting the passages 26 and 28.

`With the valve 19 in its lowest position (F ig. 2) the pipe 17 becomes disconnected from the tank 1, and the steam from the boiler is admitted through the pipe 18, filling the space in tank "above the water.

The pressure on the water in the tank will be equalized between the pipes 18 and 12, so that the weight of the water will raise the water intake valve 14, and the water will flow into the boiler, its place in thetank being taken by the steam 'from the pipe 18. The steam pressure at the same time will close the water intakevalve 4.

The steam will now flow from the pipe 29 through passages 26, 28, hollow stem of the valve 14, pipe 31, through the steam valve 23 to the chest 30, and will `push the piston 19 upwards. 'Its movement will be slow, however, on account of a retarding action of the oil damper.y By the time,when the piston reaches its upper position, all the water will be discharged 'into the'boiler, and the valve'14 will close the pipel 13, :dis-

connecting also the steam flow lbetween the' with the exhaust pipe 17, allowing the steam to escape from the tank l'into the well 2,

where it will be condensed bythe actionof the spray ofthe water from the sprayer 11. The water will then flowinto the tank 1 through the valve 4, the other operations taking their turn over `again 'as' described.A

The condensing .steam in the well 2 will create a vacuum, so that the water maybe raised'to this apparatus yfrom the lower level through avertical distance of some 10 to `i feet. j s

When the waterhas to be lraised to 'a greater height, then another apparatus must Fi'g-13 shows an arrangement with' two such'apparatuses. The upper apparatus I feeds the water from the tank 1 into the boiler 7 underneath. The lower apparatus II receivevsits water from a condenser 46 through the water pipel 3. The pressure is equalized byV means of a vacuum pipe 17. The ,water from the tank 1 flows through a pipe 12 rinto the tank 1 of the apparatus I. The wathe exhaust steaml from the Itank l is dsive steam condensation when the cold waterl ing volume of steam removed.

except valves.

rected through the pipe 17, check valve 48 and a valve 51 into a steam receiver 55. This receiver is connected by means of a pipe 47 with the pipe 18 and apparatus H. The valve 52 is closed, when steam from the receiver 55 is used.

The end of the pipe 18 is placed at the ,point of the normal water level in the boiler. Therefore, when the boiler is full, the water instead of steam will be drawn into the pipe 18 by the suction of the water flowing from the tank 1. But as soon as thc height of the water in the pipe 18 reaches the water level in the tank 1, the water columns will become balanced, and the flow ofthe water into the boiler will thereby automatically stop, andthe apparatus will cease to vfunction until the water level in the boiler will drop below vthe end of the pipe 18.

In-order to insure the proper seating of the valves 23 and 24- and to prevent their chattering, they are provided with springs 4:9 and 50.

Afloat '54 of some heat insulating material (for instance, cork) is placed in the tank 1 in order to separate the water from the steam and thereby `to prevent the excesis used.

An important advantage of my apparatus is, that it is very economical in operation, using less steam then any ordinary ump. For each unit of the water volume placed into the boiler there is a correspond- For instance, for 62 lbs. of water pumped (one cubic foot) only about 2 lbs. of steam (one cubic foot) will be used, and the largest part of it will be condensed and pumped back, preheating the feed water.

Other advantages of my device are, that it can pump a hot water, almost boiling,is automatic` in its operation, very simple in construction, not having any moving parts It may be used for boiler feed, for condensate removal, for pumping various liquids from one place into another, etc.

l claim as my invention:

1..In a liquid feeding device, the combi-v nation with a tank, a pipe connecting said tank with a source of a liquid, an intakek valve on said pipe, a pipe connecting the lower portion of said tank with a receptacle for said liquid, an exhaust valve on said pipe, an exhaust pipe for the elastic fluid linside of said tank, an intake pipe for the compressed elastic fluid, and a lmeans to control the connectionof said pipes for said elastic fluid, said means being controlled `hy said exhaust valve.

2. In a liquid feeding device, thecombination with a tank. a pipe connecting said tank with a source of a liquid, an intake `valve on" said pipe, a pipe connectingtlie lowerportion of'said tankwithV a recepf tacle for said liquid, an exhaust valve"on said pipe, an 'exhaust' pipe for thev elastic fluid inside of said tank, Van intake pipe for the compressed elastic fluid, and a sliding valve adapted tocontrol theconnection's of said intake and exhaust pipes, said sliding valve being controlled by said' exhaust valve.

3. ln a liquid feeding device, the combi.

nation with a` tank, a pipe connecting said tank with a source of a liquid, an intake valve on said pipe, a pipe vconnecting -the lower portion of said tank with a receptacle `for said liquid, an exhaust valve on'jsaid pipe, an exhaust pipe for the elastic fluid, an intake pipe for vthe compressed elastic fluid, and a sliding valve adapted to control the connections of said intake and exhaust pipes, said sliding valve being 'operated'fby` said compressed fluid and' controlled bysai'dr exhaust valve.

a. In a liquid feeding device, 'the combination with a tank, a pipe vconnecting said tankl with a source of a liquid, an yintake valve on said pipe, a pipe connecting the lower portion of said tank with a receptacle for said liquid, an exhaustvalve on said pipe, an exhaust pipefor the elastic-fluid,

`an intakel pipe for the compressed elastic fluid, a `sliding valve adapted to control the connections of said intake and vexhaust pipes, and means to dampen the movements 'of said sliding val-ve.

`for the vcompressed elastic fluid connecting f said tank with a receptacle forthe liquid and for said compressed elastic lluid,a sliding valve controlling the connections with the tank of said elastic fluid intake and .exhaust pipes, and means to admit the elas- -tic`fiuid to the end of said :sliding valve,

said means being controlled by the' movements of said sliding valve.

` 6. In aliquid feeding device, the combination withv atank, a liquid intake pipe, a

liquid exhaust pipe, an lelastic fluid intake acting against said piston, a compartment pipe, an elastic Ifluid exhaust pipe, a slidin another end of said cylinder, and means to control the admittance of the elastic fluid to said compartment.

7. "ln a' liquid vc'l'evi'c'e the combination yin one end of said cylinder, acting against said piston, a compartment in another end of said cylinder, and valves in said compartment for the elastic fluid.

8. In a. liquid feeding device, the combination with a tank, a liquid intake pipe, a liquid exhaust pipe, an elastic fluid intake pipe,- an elastic fluid exhaust pipe, a slid- 'ing valve controlling connections of said elastic fluid pipes, said sliding valve consisting of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a spring in one end of said cylinder acting against said piston, a compartment in another end of said cylinder, and intake and exhaust valves in said compartment for the elastic fluid, said valves being operated bv said piston. l

9. In a liquid feeding device, the combination with a tank, a liquid intake pipe, a liquid exhaust pipe, an elastic fluid intake pipe, an elastic fluid exhaust pipe, a sliding valve controlling connections of said elastic fluid pipes, said sliding valve consisting of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a spring in one end of said cylinder acting against said piston, a compartment in another end of 'said cylinder, means to control the admittance of the elastic fluid to said compartment, and a damper for said cylinder.

10. ln a liquid feeding device, the combination with a tank, a liquid intake pipe, a liquid exhaust pipe, an elastic fluid intake pipe, an elastic fluid exhaust pipe, a sliding valve controlling connections of said elastic fluid pipes, said sliding valve consisting of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a spring in one end of said cylinder acting against said piston,

ra compartment in another end of said cylinder, means to control the admittance of the `elastic fluid to said compartment, and a damper for said cylinder, said damper consisting of a damper piston, a rod connecting said damper piston with said valve piston, and a stationary diaphragm between said pistons.

1l. In a liquid feeding device, the combination with a tank, a liquid intake pipe, a

liquid exhaust pipe, an elastic fluid intake pipe, an elastic fluid exhaust pipe, a sliding` valve controlling connections of said elastic fluid pipes, said sliding valve consisting of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a spring in one end ofsaid cylinder, acting `against said piston, a compartment in another end of said cylinder, means to control the admittance of the elastic fluid to said compartment,and a damper for said cylinder, said damper consSting of a damper piston, a rod connecting said damper piston with said valve piston, a`r

stationary diaphragm between said' pistons, an aperture in said diaphragm, and means to control the size of said aperture.

l2. ln a liquid feeding device, the combination with a tank, a liquid intake pipe, a liquid exhaust pipe, an elastic fluid intake pipe, an elastic. fluid exhaust pipe, a sliding valve controlling connections 'of said elastic fluid pipes, said sliding valve consisting of a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a spring in one end of said cylinder, acting against said piston, a compartment in another end of said cylinder, means to control the admittance of the elastic fluid to said compartment, and a damper for said cylinder, said damper consisting of a damper piston, a rod connecting said damper piston with said valve piston, a stationary diaphragm :between said pistons, an aperture in said diaphragm, means to control the size of Said aperture, a dainpening liquid between said pistons, and a valve in said damper piston.

13. In a liquid feeding device, the combination with a tank, a pipe connecting said tank with a source of a liquid, an intake valve on said pipe, a pipe connecting the lower portion of said tank with a receptacle for said liquid, an exhaust valve on said second pipe, said valves being operated by the pressure of said liquid, and means to admit an elastic fluid under compresbination with a tank, a pipe connecting said tank with a source of a liquid, an intake valve on said pipe, a pipe connecting'the lower portion of said tank with a receptacle for said liquid, an exhaust valve on said second pipe, a pipe connecting the upper portion of said tank with a source of elastic fluid under compression, a valve on said pipe controlling the flow of said elastic fluid and being operated by said elastic fluid, an aux-` iliary valve controlling the flow of said elastic fluid to said elastic fluid valve, said auxiliary valve being operated by one of said valves for the liquid.

16. ln a liquid feeding device, the combination with a tank,-a pipe connecting said tank with a source ofy a liquid,` an intake valve on said pipe, a second pipe connecting said tank with a receptacle for said liquid, exhaust valve @n Saul assied ,elpais P1P@ lll@ connecting said tank with a source of an elastic fluid under compression, a second pipe for elastic fluid connecting said tank with a space of a low pressure, a valve controlling the flow of said elastic fluid through said pipes, said Valve being operated by an elastic fluid, and means to control the flow of said elastic fluid for the operation of said valve, said means being operated by one of said liquid valves.

17. In a liquid feeding device, the combination with a tank, a pipe connecting said tank with a source of a liquid, an intake valve on said pipe, a second pipe connecting said tank with a receptacle for said liquid, an exhaust valve on said second pipe, a pipe connecting said tank with a source of an elastic fluid under compression, a second pipe for elastic fluid connecting said tank with a space of a low pressure, and a Valve adapted to control the connection of said pipes for the elastic fluid, said valve being operated by said elastic fluid and controlled by one of said liquid valves.

18. In a liquid feeding device, the combination with a tank, a pipe connecting said tank with a source of a liquid, an intake valve on said pipe, a second pipe connecting said tank with a receptacle for said liquid, an exhaust valve on said second pipe, a pipe connecting said tank with a source of an elastic fluid under compression, a second pipe for the elastic fluid connecting said tank with a space of a low pressure, a valve yadapted to control the connections for said elastic fluid, means to continuously apply a force on said Valve in one direction, and means to intermittently move said valve in the opposite direction, said last named means being controlled by one of said valves for said liquid through action of said elastic fluid.

19. In a liquid feeding device, the combination witlra tank, a pipe connecting said tank with a source of a liquid, an intake valve on said pipe, a second pipe connecting said tank with a receptacle for said liquid, an exhaust valve on said pipe, a pipe connecting said tank with a source of an elastic fluid under compression, an exhaust pipe for said elastic fluid, a valve controlling the connections of said pipes for said elastic fluid, means to apply a force on said valve continuously in one direction, means to operate said elastic fluid valve intermittently in the other direction by means of said elastic Huid, said last named means being controlled by oneof said liquid valves and means to regulate the fiow of said liquid into said receptacle so as to maintain a constant level of said liquid in saidl receptacle.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 7th day of July A. D. 1921. f

LEONID A. DUNAJ EFF. 

